Terminology

Torque: the moment of a force or system of forces tending to cause rotation.
Flexion: the position that a limb assumes when it is bent
Extension: the position that a limb assumes when it is straightened
Rectilinear motion: movement along a straight line
Angular motion: rotation around an axis
Circular Motion: movement that continues in a circle or rounded
Force: physical power or strength possessed by a human being
Hypertextension: the position that a limb assumes when it is straightened in its opposite direction
Rotate: to cause to turn around an axis
Pronation: rotation of the hand or forearm so that the surface of the palm is facing downward or toward the back
Supination: rotation of the hand or forearm so that the palmar surface is facing upward
Distal: away from the trunk
Proximal: closer to the trunk
Horizontal Abduction: When a portion of the body is extended beyond the anatomical position so that the joint angle is greater that 180 degrees
Plantar Flexion: flexion of the foot when toes are pointing down
Transverse Plane: plane in which rotational movements occur
Longitudinal Axis: axis in which transverse plane movements occur
Balance: Ability to control the posture of the body during an unorthodox position
Weight: Attractive force that the earth exerts on the body
Parallel: Directly across from each other and in the exact same plane
Momentum: The product of the mass and the velocity of an object
Internally Rotate: Rotating a body segment inwards...towards the midline of the body
Stability: Resistance to disruption of equilibrium
Externally Rotate: Rotating a body segment outwards...away from the midline of the body